I'm not going particularly deep but I am doing more diving when I can. In this case I found a fish trap but wasn't able to remove it. Broken and no longer in use such things can be removed from the water and discarded to keep the trash out. I might go back and dig it out.
Saturday, July 4, 2020
Opt-In by Dennis Lennox The Detroit News and How that Can Impact Escanaba and Gladstone
Recently I read an opt-in article by Dennis Lennox in The Detroit News entitled Opinion: Coronavirus could revitalize northern Michigan. I don't often agree with many people's opinions but the article on how the U.P could be attractive after COVID seems to make sense. Because our market has fundamentally shifted the U.P. will have increased appeal for a virtual working class that want small towns, small schools, and a country lifestyle.
We can do more than that......
To capitalize on the changing national mood administrators and lawmakers in the U.P. will need to adjust focus and think of new strategies that can improve the lifestyles of local residents while maintaining the outdoor and nautical flavor of the area.
Here are three ideas that can be helpful in improving places like Escanaba/Gladstone.
1. Using Psychographic Marketing to Attract Talent, Investment, Interest: We may want to attract business owners, educated online workers, and people who enjoy the outdoors to maximize local resources.
Attracting SME Adventure-Venture Capitalism to Delta County (Escanaba & Gladstone) Through Neuroeconomics
We can do more than that......
To capitalize on the changing national mood administrators and lawmakers in the U.P. will need to adjust focus and think of new strategies that can improve the lifestyles of local residents while maintaining the outdoor and nautical flavor of the area.
Here are three ideas that can be helpful in improving places like Escanaba/Gladstone.
1. Using Psychographic Marketing to Attract Talent, Investment, Interest: We may want to attract business owners, educated online workers, and people who enjoy the outdoors to maximize local resources.
Attracting SME Adventure-Venture Capitalism to Delta County (Escanaba & Gladstone) Through Neuroeconomics
2. Using Tourism to Improve the Downtown: The downtown of Escanaba and Gladstone could use a few more businesses and a new paint job. One way to do this is to sell properties to young entrepreneurs that want to get in on them tourism and tourist oriented micro-manufacturing start-ups.
Using Tourism to Enhance Small Downtowns of Escanaba and Gladstone
3. Create Clusters Using Shipping, Manufacturing, Navy and More: It is possible to create a cluster utilize the change in national stance toward commerce. In addition, investments in the building frigates nearby and interest in resource extraction could be a benefit for the U.P. and Delta County.
Why Is Money So Important? Economic Unit, Social Standing and Microphone for Inner Values
Money may not be the root of evil but certainly it has the power to do both good and evil things. Why do people spend their lives chasing money, more money, and when their coffers are full a few more dollars? People jump jobs for a few dollars and are willing to destroy relationships to get money that they were not entitled to. Others have donated vast fortunes to help others while some judge people by their "perceived" wealth. What is this thing we call money and why is it so important?
First we should understand what money is.... It is an economic unit that represents power values such as time and labor. The dollar is savable, divisible, able to be sent, stored and shared. Thus the dollar exists because it is able to be used as an important unit of commerce and medium of exchange. What it doesn't tell you is why people want so much of it?
Money isn't only a standard of accounting and a unit of labor but contains social and cultural aspects of social status (Lawson, 2016). Thus, people who have a lot of money are seen as more important to society than those who don't have a lot of money. That is assuming we have a true capitalistic society where people who are more productive, regardless of their backgrounds, earn more money because they actually have more societal worth. We know that isn't always the case.
I guess this is true in the sense that in my lifetime I have seen people hurt people on their death beds to gain money, forge wills, spread rumors, engage in coordinated harassment and all types of inappropriate acts to gain more money. Stealing and lying don't seem to factor to create any sense of guilt. Even when they have the opportunity to do it differently the second time they continue down the same path of manipulation and aggression knowing that as long as they stick together no one will question their motives. With such behavior money as an abstract inanimate unit with no moral values is not the issue.....it represents something more.
Money seems so important that some people will do anything for it. I may not be as smart as other people because I don't get it and have a difficult time comprehending what seems so important to others about these little green pieces of paper. Of course we need money to live and can do good or bad things with money but should it rule our lives? More money is awesome but it shouldn't fundamentally change who we are or our values unless there is something wrong with us already.
It would seem that because money can buy things that make us feel temporarily positive, better than other people, and money artificially raises our social status in front of other people with low insight. Perhaps can begin to see that money isn't the issue it is people who haven't dealt with their feelings of low self-worth to be more of an issue. I guess that might be reason why some people are so brand oriented that they barely seem like a real person behind their objects. They have this artificially constructed personality based on commercials and movies.
I would love to have more money. It can be a useful tool. Of course I'm a human being and could pay off my mortgage or student loans and then go onto do other things. Like I want to help orphans in memory of a family member and because they were dealt an unfair hand in life. Furthermore, money might just give me more influence to make the world a better place. It needs a lot of work and we as a nation have opportunities to be the strongest most enlightened nation on the planet if we can give up some of our short-sighted thinking.
Money is not the root of evil but it can create a microphone for our positive or negative personality traits. So the next time you are faced with a moral dilemma over money just remember that it is only worth something in its social abstraction.
Lawson, Tony. (2016). Social positioning and the nature of money. Cambridge Journal of Economics. 40. 961-996. 10.1093/cje/bew006.
First we should understand what money is.... It is an economic unit that represents power values such as time and labor. The dollar is savable, divisible, able to be sent, stored and shared. Thus the dollar exists because it is able to be used as an important unit of commerce and medium of exchange. What it doesn't tell you is why people want so much of it?
Money isn't only a standard of accounting and a unit of labor but contains social and cultural aspects of social status (Lawson, 2016). Thus, people who have a lot of money are seen as more important to society than those who don't have a lot of money. That is assuming we have a true capitalistic society where people who are more productive, regardless of their backgrounds, earn more money because they actually have more societal worth. We know that isn't always the case.
I guess this is true in the sense that in my lifetime I have seen people hurt people on their death beds to gain money, forge wills, spread rumors, engage in coordinated harassment and all types of inappropriate acts to gain more money. Stealing and lying don't seem to factor to create any sense of guilt. Even when they have the opportunity to do it differently the second time they continue down the same path of manipulation and aggression knowing that as long as they stick together no one will question their motives. With such behavior money as an abstract inanimate unit with no moral values is not the issue.....it represents something more.
Money seems so important that some people will do anything for it. I may not be as smart as other people because I don't get it and have a difficult time comprehending what seems so important to others about these little green pieces of paper. Of course we need money to live and can do good or bad things with money but should it rule our lives? More money is awesome but it shouldn't fundamentally change who we are or our values unless there is something wrong with us already.
It would seem that because money can buy things that make us feel temporarily positive, better than other people, and money artificially raises our social status in front of other people with low insight. Perhaps can begin to see that money isn't the issue it is people who haven't dealt with their feelings of low self-worth to be more of an issue. I guess that might be reason why some people are so brand oriented that they barely seem like a real person behind their objects. They have this artificially constructed personality based on commercials and movies.
I would love to have more money. It can be a useful tool. Of course I'm a human being and could pay off my mortgage or student loans and then go onto do other things. Like I want to help orphans in memory of a family member and because they were dealt an unfair hand in life. Furthermore, money might just give me more influence to make the world a better place. It needs a lot of work and we as a nation have opportunities to be the strongest most enlightened nation on the planet if we can give up some of our short-sighted thinking.
Money is not the root of evil but it can create a microphone for our positive or negative personality traits. So the next time you are faced with a moral dilemma over money just remember that it is only worth something in its social abstraction.
Lawson, Tony. (2016). Social positioning and the nature of money. Cambridge Journal of Economics. 40. 961-996. 10.1093/cje/bew006.
Friday, July 3, 2020
$5 Million Jobs in June and Improved Economic Activity (Short and Longer Term)
Unemployment is at 11% and we have a 2% drop of unemployment within the month to show that the economy is starting to come back to life. It looks like manufacturing is going to start coming together as 350K increase in manufacturing jobs. $700K+ jobs for African American and $1.5 for Hispanic workers over the past 2 months. Approximately 80% have opened and new business applications have doubled. ISM rose 10% with new orders 25%. Consumer Confidence is risen 12 points and job expectations are at a high.
Those are the statistics that have presented. As the economy moves back to opening we will likely find new influence of money in terms of investments, consumer spending, housing boosts and a few other sectors like manufacturing and tourism. There has been a shift in a few of the economic assumptions and as with change there is a little time to come up but it can push the economic system a little higher than it was before. As we move into more virtual type work we often find increases in productivity and innovation just like we have over the past 20+ years. However, in this case it might come faster because we paused economic activity and then start to open the spigots in way we never had to see in society. We should start seeing a boost in economic activity until it levels off and then another boost perhaps when company investments start to turn functional a few years down the road.
Those are the statistics that have presented. As the economy moves back to opening we will likely find new influence of money in terms of investments, consumer spending, housing boosts and a few other sectors like manufacturing and tourism. There has been a shift in a few of the economic assumptions and as with change there is a little time to come up but it can push the economic system a little higher than it was before. As we move into more virtual type work we often find increases in productivity and innovation just like we have over the past 20+ years. However, in this case it might come faster because we paused economic activity and then start to open the spigots in way we never had to see in society. We should start seeing a boost in economic activity until it levels off and then another boost perhaps when company investments start to turn functional a few years down the road.
$4.4 Million PILT Payments for the U.P. -Ways to Maximize Income from Federal Forest in Delta County Michigan?
Delta County receives $311,404 in PILT Payments to support the community from taxes that they cannot collect on Federal properties. Since its not possible to collect taxes or develop the land for property tax purposes there is some value in trying to further maximize the financial value of natural resources beyond tax purposes. We may need to think a little outside the box to find additional ways to maximize value in a time when large protected natural swaths are having increased value for the world. Here are a few ways to maximize the benefits:
1. Forest and natural resources have value when they are used to attract tourist dollars to the area. As people come to hike, bike, and do much more they sleep within Escanaba/Gladstone, eat, and spend money. You don't need only the PILT but also can maximize other opportunities such as branding the area, improving tourism and developing homegrown industries through tertiary benefits (I've got a working theory on that).
2. Improve Health, Community and Lifestyle by getting people involved in the natural resources. While it might be owned by the federal government it is still a local resource and people can use that for all types of activities that create stronger communities. COVID taught us that being outdoors and exercise is one of the best ways to fight and prevent the illness.
3. Consider the natural resources and wildlife that comes from the forest that raise the health of the ecosystem. We know we can get some wood burning, camp grounds, and hunting activities that have real value out of the natural resources. We should also consider the diversity to wildlife and the potential to raising the ecological benefits of the area in a way that improves branding, research (especially in the world of global warming), and other activities that impact the community in different ways through drawing university interest to fostering bio diverse wild species.
1. Forest and natural resources have value when they are used to attract tourist dollars to the area. As people come to hike, bike, and do much more they sleep within Escanaba/Gladstone, eat, and spend money. You don't need only the PILT but also can maximize other opportunities such as branding the area, improving tourism and developing homegrown industries through tertiary benefits (I've got a working theory on that).
2. Improve Health, Community and Lifestyle by getting people involved in the natural resources. While it might be owned by the federal government it is still a local resource and people can use that for all types of activities that create stronger communities. COVID taught us that being outdoors and exercise is one of the best ways to fight and prevent the illness.
3. Consider the natural resources and wildlife that comes from the forest that raise the health of the ecosystem. We know we can get some wood burning, camp grounds, and hunting activities that have real value out of the natural resources. We should also consider the diversity to wildlife and the potential to raising the ecological benefits of the area in a way that improves branding, research (especially in the world of global warming), and other activities that impact the community in different ways through drawing university interest to fostering bio diverse wild species.
DELTA- County Acres 748,915.440 Stat Acres 68,651.110 Payment $311,404.64 State Ownership 9.17%
| ||
| Washington - Rep. Jack Bergman announced nearly $4.4 million in Payment In Lieu of Tax (PILT) funding for 2020. PILT funds are made available to local governments to help offset their inability to tax federal property. In total, the State of Michigan received close to $5.3 million for Fiscal Year 2020. The payments are made annually for tax-exempt federal lands administered by U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) agencies including the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and for federal water projects and some military installations. "PILT funding is crucial for communities across Northern Michigan and the Upper Peninsula. Today’s PILT distribution announcement by the Department of Interior is great news, and will help ensure local governments with federal lands have the necessary funding to meet their education, public safety, and infrastructure needs. I am a proud advocate of PILT funding as a Member of Congress, and am grateful for this Administration’s work to carry out the program in its continued support of First District priorities.” A full list of funding by State and county is available at www.doi.gov/pilt. |
Wednesday, July 1, 2020
The Role of Justice in Society and Our Economy
Trust is one of the most important glues that holds our society together and when that glue dissipates it loosens that glue that in turn impacts our society in different ways. We think justice is about putting criminals behind bars but it is much more to do with concepts of safety and fair play in our society. The justice system is a reflection of our values and in turn holds basic rules that each person in society should adhere. When those rules are violated and justice is not able to uphold those values the impact can be devastating for crime rates, the economy, and a country's long-term prospects.
Rules and laws are important when they represent the needs of society. No society can exist long without some mechanism of holding people accountable for bad behavior. When a society is "just" through a wise justice system it encourages values that bond people together and ensure that business and commerce continues forward for the benefit of everyone. Poor systems will damage society and strong systems will encourage our society. It makes little difference if we are talking about non-crisis situations or one in which COVID is causing economic hardship.
Lets consider how justice impacts our lives.....
1. Values: Laws create values. People believe that these laws have merit they become a way of viewing the world.
2. Safety: To have a strong economy and a positive environment people want to know that criminals and bad apples will be held accountable.
3. Commercial Activity: People don't start businesses if someone can steal it, threaten others, extort money, and harm them.
4. Investment: Institutions have a responsibility to protect their stakeholder money. Investing in countries with a fair justice system reduces risks.
5. Togetherness: Our institutions create a sense of shared identity as they are relied on in everyday life. Where justice is different there are different perceptions of the nation (That is any institution).
6. Justice as Help and Punishment: Justice systems can help people who are victims and punish wrongdoing. They can also help those who are struggling and improve the lives as the system is often the first place are formally contacted.
7. It Limits Economic Engagement of Large Swaths of Society: If a group of people based on race, religion or any other "in" and "out" dynamic are not receiving equal justice you reduce the motivations and benefits of engaging fully in the economic system and thereby damage the long-term viability of the nation.
There are likely many other possible ways to look at our justice system. I can only say that I have seen our justice system do great things and am a support in general for the need of having a strong justice system. Yet I'm also a philosopher of types and a business doctor who feels that many times our system falls short because the people involved don't always have the foresight, moral aptitude, resources or knowledge to do what is most "just". While not all solutions need criminal punishments there is a need to still hold bad apples accountable for their behavior. We should not shirk from that responsibility as it has a long-term impact on our economy and on the lives many people. When you see wrong doing and want your society to improve but such individuals are not held accountable you have to start rethinking the nature of justice and the system that tries to offer it. If the people who have the ability to do justice but do not feel it is part of their duty to do so we might consider changing how and why attorneys become judges for a more complete understanding. Doing justice isn't about what is convenient for the system it is to do what is morally just and right in any situation above and beyond the limitations of competing ideologies. That requires leadership, confidence and some type moral backbone. Alas, we come to the nature of decision making and the age old understand of right versus wrong and who are the people who pick one over the other. There was a reason Socrates drank the hemlock when all he needed to do was make a supportive statement.
Rules and laws are important when they represent the needs of society. No society can exist long without some mechanism of holding people accountable for bad behavior. When a society is "just" through a wise justice system it encourages values that bond people together and ensure that business and commerce continues forward for the benefit of everyone. Poor systems will damage society and strong systems will encourage our society. It makes little difference if we are talking about non-crisis situations or one in which COVID is causing economic hardship.
Lets consider how justice impacts our lives.....
1. Values: Laws create values. People believe that these laws have merit they become a way of viewing the world.
2. Safety: To have a strong economy and a positive environment people want to know that criminals and bad apples will be held accountable.
3. Commercial Activity: People don't start businesses if someone can steal it, threaten others, extort money, and harm them.
4. Investment: Institutions have a responsibility to protect their stakeholder money. Investing in countries with a fair justice system reduces risks.
5. Togetherness: Our institutions create a sense of shared identity as they are relied on in everyday life. Where justice is different there are different perceptions of the nation (That is any institution).
6. Justice as Help and Punishment: Justice systems can help people who are victims and punish wrongdoing. They can also help those who are struggling and improve the lives as the system is often the first place are formally contacted.
7. It Limits Economic Engagement of Large Swaths of Society: If a group of people based on race, religion or any other "in" and "out" dynamic are not receiving equal justice you reduce the motivations and benefits of engaging fully in the economic system and thereby damage the long-term viability of the nation.
There are likely many other possible ways to look at our justice system. I can only say that I have seen our justice system do great things and am a support in general for the need of having a strong justice system. Yet I'm also a philosopher of types and a business doctor who feels that many times our system falls short because the people involved don't always have the foresight, moral aptitude, resources or knowledge to do what is most "just". While not all solutions need criminal punishments there is a need to still hold bad apples accountable for their behavior. We should not shirk from that responsibility as it has a long-term impact on our economy and on the lives many people. When you see wrong doing and want your society to improve but such individuals are not held accountable you have to start rethinking the nature of justice and the system that tries to offer it. If the people who have the ability to do justice but do not feel it is part of their duty to do so we might consider changing how and why attorneys become judges for a more complete understanding. Doing justice isn't about what is convenient for the system it is to do what is morally just and right in any situation above and beyond the limitations of competing ideologies. That requires leadership, confidence and some type moral backbone. Alas, we come to the nature of decision making and the age old understand of right versus wrong and who are the people who pick one over the other. There was a reason Socrates drank the hemlock when all he needed to do was make a supportive statement.
Tuesday, June 30, 2020
Trump Signs Executive Order on Competency Based Systems for Federal Hiring: Aligning Curriculum to Industry Needs
Hiring practices change and adjust to market need. As our higher education adjusts to new forms of education it will naturally create pressure to focus on different ways of thinking about the skills learned and what type of skills are needed for national success. In recent years there has been movement toward thinking about competencies as a measurement of skills and abilities learned in educational programs. This is a little outside the scope of traditional thinking but when done correctly with new education models can lead to more substance within broader frameworks for knowledge. In this case the Federal Government is seeking to focus on actual competencies and skills beyond degrees.
When someone earns a degree they are being certified that they have learned a certain amount of knowledge, skills, and competencies. There is broad knowledge that doesn't always fit precisely into existing competency models but as new frameworks are created and defined it becomes increasingly possible. Competencies are part of broad knowledge and are in part building blocks to greater understanding. General knowledge helps connect those specific skills into a way of understanding, thinking about, and viewing new information.
I worked with a colleague of mine and came up with the start of a competency based system for higher education. Its sort of cool as it allows for using traditional market evaluation techniques to determine what skills industry actually needs from ready-made graduates. Once the curriculum is aligned to the needs of education we raise the market value of a degree. This framework can be used to include badges of competencies within that degree. Thus, one could earn a degree and then one could show what their specific competencies are as they master certain skills such as database management, analytical abilities, etc..... Of course its not perfect but is one of the first of its kind.
The executive order was taken from White House Page.....https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-modernizing-reforming-assessment-hiring-federal-job-candidates/
When someone earns a degree they are being certified that they have learned a certain amount of knowledge, skills, and competencies. There is broad knowledge that doesn't always fit precisely into existing competency models but as new frameworks are created and defined it becomes increasingly possible. Competencies are part of broad knowledge and are in part building blocks to greater understanding. General knowledge helps connect those specific skills into a way of understanding, thinking about, and viewing new information.
I worked with a colleague of mine and came up with the start of a competency based system for higher education. Its sort of cool as it allows for using traditional market evaluation techniques to determine what skills industry actually needs from ready-made graduates. Once the curriculum is aligned to the needs of education we raise the market value of a degree. This framework can be used to include badges of competencies within that degree. Thus, one could earn a degree and then one could show what their specific competencies are as they master certain skills such as database management, analytical abilities, etc..... Of course its not perfect but is one of the first of its kind.
The executive order was taken from White House Page.....https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-modernizing-reforming-assessment-hiring-federal-job-candidates/
Executive Order on Modernizing and Reforming the Assessment and Hiring of Federal Job Candidates
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and sections 1104(a)(1), 3301, and 7301 of title 5, United States Code, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Purpose. The foundation of our professional merit-based civil service is the principle that employment and advancement rest on the ability of individuals to fulfill their responsibilities in service to the American public. Accordingly, Federal Government employment opportunities should be filled based on merit. Policies or practices that undermine public confidence in the hiring process undermine confidence in both the civil service and the Government.
America’s private employers have modernized their recruitment practices to better identify and secure talent through skills- and competency-based hiring. As the modern workforce evolves, the Federal Government requires a more efficient approach to hiring. Employers adopting skills- and competency-based hiring recognize that an overreliance on college degrees excludes capable candidates and undermines labor-market efficiencies. Degree-based hiring is especially likely to exclude qualified candidates for jobs related to emerging technologies and those with weak connections between educational attainment and the skills or competencies required to perform them. Moreover, unnecessary obstacles to opportunity disproportionately burden low-income Americans and decrease economic mobility.
The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) oversees most aspects of the civilian Federal workforce, including creating and maintaining the General Schedule classification system and determining the duties, responsibilities, and qualification requirements for Federal jobs. Executive departments and agencies (agencies), however, are responsible for vetting and selecting specific candidates to fill particular job openings consistent with statutory requirements and OPM rules and guidance, including applicable minimum educational requirements. Currently, for most Federal jobs, traditional education — high school, college, or graduate-level — rather than experiential learning is either an absolute requirement or the only path to consideration for candidates without many years of experience. As a result, Federal hiring practices currently lag behind those of private sector leaders in securing talent based on skills and competency.
My Administration is committed to modernizing and reforming civil service hiring through improved identification of skills requirements and effective assessments of the skills job seekers possess. We encourage these same practices in the private sector. Modernizing our country’s processes for identifying and hiring talent will provide America a more inclusive and demand-driven labor force.
Through the work of the National Council for the American Worker and the American Workforce Policy Advisory Board, my Administration is fulfilling its commitment to expand employment opportunities for workers. The increased adoption of apprenticeship programs by American employers, the creation of Industry-Recognized Apprenticeship Programs, and the implementation of Federal hiring reforms, including those in this order, represent important steps toward providing more Americans with pathways to family-sustaining careers. In addition, the Principles on Workforce Freedom and Mobility announced by my Administration in January 2020 detail reforms that will expand opportunities and eliminate unnecessary education costs for job seekers. This order builds on the broader work of my Administration to expand opportunity and create a more inclusive 21st-century economy.
This order directs important, merit-based reforms that will replace degree-based hiring with skills- and competency-based hiring and will hold the civil service to a higher standard — ensuring that the individuals most capable of performing the roles and responsibilities required of a specific position are those hired for that position — that is more in line with the principles on which the merit system rests.
Sec. 2. Revision of Job Classification and Qualification Standards. (a) The Director of OPM, in consultation with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, and the heads of agencies, shall review and revise all job classification and qualification standards for positions within the competitive service, as necessary and consistent with subsections (a)(i) and (a)(ii) of this section. All changes to job classification and qualification standards shall be made available to the public within 120 days of the date of this order and go into effect within 180 days of the date of this order.
(i) An agency may prescribe a minimum educational requirement for employment in the Federal competitive service only when a minimum educational qualification is legally required to perform the duties of the position in the State or locality where those duties are to be performed.
(ii) Unless an agency is determining a candidate’s satisfaction of a legally required minimum educational requirement, an agency may consider education in determining a candidate’s satisfaction of some other minimum qualification only if the candidate’s education directly reflects the competencies necessary to satisfy that qualification and perform the duties of the position.
(b) Position descriptions and job postings published by agencies for positions within the competitive service should be based on the specific skills and competencies required to perform those jobs.
Sec. 3. Improving the Use of Assessments in the Federal Hiring Process. (a) In addition to the other requirements of this order, the Director of OPM shall work with the heads of all agencies to ensure that, within 180 days of the date of this order, for positions within the competitive service, agencies assess candidates in a manner that does not rely solely on educational attainment to determine the extent to which candidates possess relevant knowledge, skills, competencies, and abilities. The heads of all agencies shall develop or identify such assessment practices.
(b) In assessing candidates, agencies shall not rely solely on candidates’ self-evaluations of their stated abilities. Applicants must clear other assessment hurdles in order to be certified for consideration.
(c) Agencies shall continually evaluate the effectiveness of different assessment strategies to promote and protect the quality and integrity of their hiring processes.
Sec. 4. Definitions. For purposes of this order:
(a) the term “assessment” refers to any valid and reliable method of collecting information on an individual for the purposes of making a decision about qualification, hiring, placement, promotion, referral, or entry into programs leading to advancement;
(a) the term “assessment” refers to any valid and reliable method of collecting information on an individual for the purposes of making a decision about qualification, hiring, placement, promotion, referral, or entry into programs leading to advancement;
(b) the term “competitive service” has the meaning specified by section 2102 of title 5, United States Code;
(c) the term “education” refers to Post High-School Education as that term is defined in the OPM General Schedule Qualification Policies; and
(d) the term “qualification” means the minimum requirements necessary to perform work of a particular position or occupation successfully and safely.
Sec. 5. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
DONALD J. TRUMP
THE WHITE HOUSE,
June 26, 2020.
June 26, 2020.
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