The Story of Philosophy by Will Durant is an
excellent book that offers an overview of philosophy throughout history. From Aristotle
to more modern thinkers the spectrum is defined. It provides an explanation of
each of the philosophies so that readers understand what they mean and the
personal histories of each person. As an overview, it does not move into
specific depth but does afford a broad range of understanding. It is a great place to understand how leading
thinkers influence economics, science, and life.
The life of philosophers is not easy and often
results in a tragic end. As they question the nature of life, truth, God, and
reality they most often rub against more powerful members of society. To
make dreams into reality inevitably means that many will win but some members will
lose. Of course those who lose cling to the power of their previous glory.
Think of Socrates and his ethics that was designed to create an efficient
society but instead ended in his poisoning. The man was loved but his ideas were radical.
The “who” is often replaced by the “what” through
the course of societal history. The
individual philosopher may have long passed away but their thoughts and ideas continue
on and are added to a greater body of knowledge. It is this body of knowledge
that continues to push society to think in new and more accurate ways about
their lives and the nature of the world. Without this function society would cease to
develop and grow; being forever stuck in underdeveloped perspectives.
The nature of reality is subjective to how people
perceive themselves, information, and the world. The more aware we are of
multiple points of view and methods of looking at the world the more accurate
we become in assessing it. For example, each science tests concepts from a
particular point of view. Even though each uses the scientific method the
results are still subjective (less without reasoning) without viewing the results in relation to other sciences
and perspectives. This subjectivity is based in the perspective of the human
being and the historical perspective of the scientific approach.
The book offers a broad overview of the major
opinions offered by some of the greatest world philosophers. Philosophy helps
give a broader perspective to life than that which is proposed by scientific exactness. As scientists look inward to the details, philosophy has
the possibility to connect these details into a wider framework for
understanding. A world of details is relatively useless without a framework to
see, implement, and connect those details together.
Some of the philosophers introduced are Socrates,
Plato, Aristotle, Francis Bacon, Spinoza, Voltaire, Immanuel Kant,
Schopenhauer, Herbert Spencer, and Nietzsche. The book affords a broad overview
and is one of the leading books for understanding general philosophy. It is
full of quotes and strong explanations of each of the particular perspectives.
One of my favorites is Francis Bacon who is known as
an empirical philosopher who tried to use reasoning to find finite
elements. He was an attorney general and
a powerful statesman. In the Praise of Knowledge (1592) Bacon states, “My praise shall be dedicate to the mind
itself. The mind is the man, and knowledge mind; a man is but what he knoweth…Are
not the pleasures of the affections greater than the pleasures of the senses,
and are not the pleasures of the intellect greater than the pleasures of the
affections?...”
The book has approximately 401 pages with
philosophical concepts packed in. It is a strong read for anyone who wants to
understand the basics of philosophical thought in their attempt to create a
greater understanding of the world around them. Combined with history the study
of philosophy also helps in understand why modern man thinks the way he does. If
you read enough from a variety of different sciences you may come to the
conclusion that everything in the world runs according to laws and these laws
define how decisions are made. To understand the perspective is to understand the future decision.
Durant, W. (1961). The story of philosophy. NY: Simon and Schuster
Pages 401
